ABSTRACT
Neural tube defects (NTD) encompass a variety of congenital
anomalies ranging from anencephaly to spina bifida occulta
and arise due to defects in the morphogenesis of the neural
tube. While spina bifida remains the most common con-
genital central nervous defect encountered in neurosurgical
practice, the overall incidence of NTDs is in decline.14
Multiple factors account for this change, including increased
antenatal diagnosis, declining birth rates, changing social
attitudes, and improved standard of living and diet. Never-
theless, a diagnosis of spina bifida can have devastating
consequences and the ‘correct’ management of these patients
is a continued source of medical, ethical, and legal con-
troversy. A multidisciplinary team is required including
neurosurgeons, pediatricians, neurologists, urologists, ortho-
pedic surgeons, physiotherapists, social workers, psycholo-
gists, and nursing staff. At the center are the patient and
family with the common goal being social integration and a
meaningful life.
