ABSTRACT
The ubiquitous semiconductor device, often referred to as a silicon
chip or integrated circuit (IC), is manufactured from one of two
technologies, namely, the complementary-metal-oxide semiconduc-
tor (CMOS) and the bipolar-junction transistor. CMOS is used to
manufacture digital logic, and the bipolar-junction transistor is used
to manufacture analogue components, such as amplifiers for signal
processing. A hybrid technology has been developed from CMOS and
the bipolar transistor and is known as BiCMOS.
