ABSTRACT
An obvious question is, how to relate the internal cavity mode to
externallymeasured fields. Normally, themeasuring instruments are
external to the cavity. In this case, the input-output formalism is use-
ful. Strictly speaking, the input-output results are approximations,
and can be obtained from considering the boundary conditions at
lossy cavity mirrors. In this chapter, we consider the input-output
formalism for a single-sided cavity in which the cavity mode is
coupled to an external multi-mode environment through a partially
transparent broadband mirror.
