ABSTRACT
The microwave region of the electromagnetic spectrum is broadly dened as that with wavelengths ranging from 1 m down to 1 mm (Figure 1.1). This corresponds to frequencies of between 0.3 and 300 GHz. Since applications such as wireless devices (2.4 to 5.0 GHz; U.S.), satellite radio (2.3 GHz), and air trafc control operate in this range, regulatory agencies allow equipment for industrial, scientic, and medical (ISM) use to operate at only ve specic frequencies: 25.125, 5.80, 2.45, 0.915, and 0.4339 GHz.
