ABSTRACT
Wireless sensor network design is, however, constrained by various research issues [1,2], which include fault tolerance, scalability, operating environment, sensor network topology, hardware constraints, transmission media, and power consumption. Various researchers are working toward addressing these issues. It has been agreed upon that energy consumption is the major obstacle toward realizing this technology. Sensors have limited battery capacity for their operation, thereby hampering the usage of complex and computational-intensive algorithms and applications, which require long battery life. Sensor nodes can be powered by energy harvesting technology [3], but
11.4 Data Collection Techniques Based on Mobility ............................................................. 290 11.4.1 Mobile Sink Based .............................................................................................. 290 11.4.2 Mobile Relay Based ............................................................................................ 290
11.5 Discussion ...................................................................................................................... 290 11.6 Conclusion ......................................................................................................................291 References ............................................................................................................................... 292
energy obtained from the external environment is dependent on environmental conditions and is rarely continuous. In a few applications, batteries can be replaced or recharged, but in the majority of applications, where sensor beds are located in remote areas, replacing or recharging a battery is not possible. Efficient utilization of energy is the most vital design issue for these networks.
