ABSTRACT

Perennial rhizomatous, 10-70 cm tall plant, glabrous. Rhizome stout, transversely ascending, up to 10 mm in diam., produces a single stem on ascending tip. Stem erect, simple or branched, green, brown, sometimes reddish violet, fine-ribbed, without leaves or leafy right up to tip, generally compact glandular-haired under anthodium. Generally covered at base of stem with fine scaly amplexicaul leaves 1-2.5 cm long, 1-1.6 cm broad. Radical leaves elliptical, suborbicular, 5.5-12 (15) cm long, 3-7 (9) cm broad, long-petiolate (up to 20-28 cm long), often wither at anthesis. Cauline leaves of small size, obovate or somewhat spatulate with cordate base, amplexicaul or even perforated, entire, fine-or large-toothed, glandular-ciliate on margin, glabrous or with diffuse hairs, upper leaves often with punctate glandules, sessile, only lower leaves, rarely middle leaves, narrowed into broad and winged petioles up to 2 (5) cm long. Anthodia at tip of stem up to 4-6 cm in cross-section (together with ray flowers), 1-4,, sometimes on long (up to 28 cm) peduncles. Involucre in 2 or 3 rows, with even lanceolate bracts up to 15 mm long; outer bracts 1.8-2 (4) mm broad, inner bracts more narrow, 0.5-1 mm broad, all bracts thin and long-acuminate, glandular-pubescent at base or all along length, sometimes mixed with long white hairs. Rarely glabrous. Flowers yellow. Limb of ray flowers 1/3 longer than bracts of involucre, 1.6-2.2 cm long, glabrous, 3-toothed. Disc flowers 5-6 mm long, slightly longer than or as long as tufts. All achenes uniform, ripe achenes dark cinnamonic, glabrous or diffuse-haired, ribbed, with canescent pappus of several serrate hairs. Plate XXIII, 4 a-d. Photograph 25. On Tubota river, 2 n = 60.