ABSTRACT
In an attempt to save the tedium of continually needing to refer to a list of terms and subscripts, these are defined in the text when the occasion arises. Common usage is employed where possible, such as u or V for velocity, p for density, S for specific gravity, µ or i for viscosity, and commonly accepted symbols for dimensionless numbers such as Reynolds number (Re) and Froude number (Fr). Variables may be prefixed with a 'delta' (A) to denote difference or a 'del' (V) to denote gradient, a feature applying principally to pressure (p). Although the use of V stems from the mathematics of vectors, this is the nearest the reader will be subjected to vector mathematics. Head gradient (J) may be taken to refer to the carrier fluid (water) rather than the mixture, unless otherwise specified. Departures from common usage include m for pseudoplastic consistency coefficient, in preference to K, one of the more overworked constants in the English alphabet. Friction factor is always f, not A, and usually interpreted as Darcy, rather than Fanning, friction factor. Section 2.1 explains this in more detail. In any situation where the symbols are not explicitly defined in the text, the reader can refer to the nomenclature given in an appendix. This is set out chapter by chapter to overcome the problem of multiple definitions with the range of subjects covered.
