ABSTRACT
In high-voltage pulsing, a series of short (typically about 1 ms), high-voltage (typically about 100 V across the skin) pulses are applied to the stratum comeum, causing significant mol ecular transport to occur (10). A distinction should be made between the electrical conditions applied to the skin (a series of short, high-voltage pulses), and the skin electroporation hypoth esis, where the high-voltage pulses cause “pores” or aqueous pathways to form in the lipid bi layer membranes composing the stratum comeum, through which ions (measured as electrical resistance) and molecular transport across the stratum comeum of the skin can occur (10,11). However, many refer to the overall process as skin electroporation.
