ABSTRACT
The next major step was taken by Bush and Tanner (1983), who included the nonlinear terms in the two-dimensional integral formulation as presented by Oseen for steady incompressible flow. Once again constant surface elements were used, but now three-noded linear volume cells were introduced throughout the domain of interest. Velocity gradients were obtained via numerical differentiation of the nodal velocities. An iterative nonlinear scheme provided results for a number of interesting problems at low Reynolds number. More recently, Tosaka and Kakuda (1986) enhanced the implementation by incorporating linear boundary elements, and by utilising a Newton-Raphson algorithm for the solution of the set of nonlinear equations. Many other works have appeared in the past five years for steady incompressible viscous flow via this primitive variable approach, some of which include thermal effects. However, all of these efforts use the integral equations given by Oseen and the numerical methodology of Bush and Tanner.
