calculated (13,14). The three INDIGO stations selected in the narrow belt between 0°S and 20°S showed a steep 114C gradient at the time of the GEOSECS survey (1978). At the time of the INDIGO cruise (1986), the 1 14C value at the equatorial station 45 has roughly doubled during the last 8 years. Salinity and dissolved oxygen profiles demonstrate that the most likely explanation for the reduction of the equatorial deficit in the Indian Ocean is the advection of thermocline water called Banda Sea Water flowing from the east. This low-salinity water, which is rich in dissolved oxygen and in Tritium (15), is due to a throughflow from the North Pacific into the Indian Ocean, which results in its relatively high 14C content. We thus conclude that A.M.S. can be used successfully to trace the penetration of bomb produced 14 C into the ocean. This new technique should leach to the introduction at 14 C measurements into the WOCE program devoted to the understanding of the dynamics of the global ocean. REFERENCES 1. Arnold M., Bard, E., Maurice, P., and Duplessy, J. C., 14C dating with the Gif sur Yvette Tandetron accelerator : Status report. Nuclear Instrument and Methods K1.987), P. 120-123. 2. Imbrie, J. and Kipp, N. G., A new micropaleontological method for quantitative paleoclimatology : Application to a late Pleistocene Carribean core. In the Late Cenozoic Glacial Ages, ed. K.K. Turrebian (1971), p. 71-181. 3. Shackleton, N. J. and Opdyke, N. D., Oxygen isotope and paleomagnetic strati-graphy of equatorial pacific core V 28-238: oxygen isotope temperatures and ice volume on a 105 and 106 year scale. Quaternary Res., 1973, 3, 39-55. 4. Duplessy, J. C., Arnold, M., Maurice, P., Bard, E., Duprat, J. and Moyes, J., Direct dating of the oxygen isotope record of the last deglaciation by 14C Accelerator mass spectrometry. Nature, 1986, 320, 350-352. 5. Bard, E., Arnold, M., Duprat, J., Moyes, J., and Duplessy, J. C., Reconstruction of the last deglaciation: deconvolved records of a18 0 profiles, micropaleon-tological variations and accelerator mass spectrometric 14C dating. Climate Dynamics, 1987,1, 101-112. 6. CLIMAP Project Members, Seasonal reconstructions of the Earth's surface at the last glacial maximum. Geol. Soc. Am. Map Series MC-36 (1981). 7. Duplessy, J. C., Bard, E., Arnold, M., and Maurice,P., A.M.S. 14 C- chronology of the deglacial warming of the North Atlantic Ocean. Nuclear Sciences and Methods, (1987), p. 223-227. 8. Stuiver, M., Quay, P. D., and Ostlund, H. G., Abyssal water carbon-14 distribution and the age of the world oceans. Science, 1983, 219 849-851. 9. Bard, E., Arnold, M., Maurice, P. and Duplessy, J.C., Measurements of bomb radiocarbon in the ocean by means of accelerator mass-spectrometry : Technical aspects. Nuclear Instrument and Methods (1987), 297-301.

doi:10.1201/9781482286489-32

Chapter

calculated (13,14). The three INDIGO stations selected in the narrow belt between 0°S and 20°S showed a steep 114C gradient at the time of the GEOSECS survey (1978). At the time of the INDIGO cruise (1986), the 1 14C value at the equatorial station 45 has roughly doubled during the last 8 years. Salinity and dissolved oxygen profiles demonstrate that the most likely explanation for the reduction of the equatorial deficit in the Indian Ocean is the advection of thermocline water called Banda Sea Water flowing from the east. This low-salinity water, which is rich in dissolved oxygen and in Tritium (15), is due to a throughflow from the North Pacific into the Indian Ocean, which results in its relatively high 14C content. We thus conclude that A.M.S. can be used successfully to trace the penetration of bomb produced 14 C into the ocean. This new technique should leach to the introduction at 14 C measurements into the WOCE program devoted to the understanding of the dynamics of the global ocean. REFERENCES 1. Arnold M., Bard, E., Maurice, P., and Duplessy, J. C., 14C dating with the Gif sur Yvette Tandetron accelerator : Status report. Nuclear Instrument and Methods K1.987), P. 120-123. 2. Imbrie, J. and Kipp, N. G., A new micropaleontological method for quantitative paleoclimatology : Application to a late Pleistocene Carribean core. In the Late Cenozoic Glacial Ages, ed. K.K. Turrebian (1971), p. 71-181. 3. Shackleton, N. J. and Opdyke, N. D., Oxygen isotope and paleomagnetic strati-graphy of equatorial pacific core V 28-238: oxygen isotope temperatures and ice volume on a 105 and 106 year scale. Quaternary Res., 1973, 3, 39-55. 4. Duplessy, J. C., Arnold, M., Maurice, P., Bard, E., Duprat, J. and Moyes, J., Direct dating of the oxygen isotope record of the last deglaciation by 14C Accelerator mass spectrometry. Nature, 1986, 320, 350-352. 5. Bard, E., Arnold, M., Duprat, J., Moyes, J., and Duplessy, J. C., Reconstruction of the last deglaciation: deconvolved records of a18 0 profiles, micropaleon-tological variations and accelerator mass spectrometric 14C dating. Climate Dynamics, 1987,1, 101-112. 6. CLIMAP Project Members, Seasonal reconstructions of the Earth's surface at the last glacial maximum. Geol. Soc. Am. Map Series MC-36 (1981). 7. Duplessy, J. C., Bard, E., Arnold, M., and Maurice,P., A.M.S. 14 C- chronology of the deglacial warming of the North Atlantic Ocean. Nuclear Sciences and Methods, (1987), p. 223-227. 8. Stuiver, M., Quay, P. D., and Ostlund, H. G., Abyssal water carbon-14 distribution and the age of the world oceans. Science, 1983, 219 849-851. 9. Bard, E., Arnold, M., Maurice, P. and Duplessy, J.C., Measurements of bomb radiocarbon in the ocean by means of accelerator mass-spectrometry : Technical aspects. Nuclear Instrument and Methods (1987), 297-301.

Chapter

calculated (13,14). The three INDIGO stations selected in the narrow belt between 0°S and 20°S showed a steep 114C gradient at the time of the GEOSECS survey (1978). At the time of the INDIGO cruise (1986), the 1 14C value at the equatorial station 45 has roughly doubled during the last 8 years. Salinity and dissolved oxygen profiles demonstrate that the most likely explanation for the reduction of the equatorial deficit in the Indian Ocean is the advection of thermocline water called Banda Sea Water flowing from the east. This low-salinity water, which is rich in dissolved oxygen and in Tritium (15), is due to a throughflow from the North Pacific into the Indian Ocean, which results in its relatively high 14C content. We thus conclude that A.M.S. can be used successfully to trace the penetration of bomb produced 14 C into the ocean. This new technique should leach to the introduction at 14 C measurements into the WOCE program devoted to the understanding of the dynamics of the global ocean. REFERENCES 1. Arnold M., Bard, E., Maurice, P., and Duplessy, J. C., 14C dating with the Gif sur Yvette Tandetron accelerator : Status report. Nuclear Instrument and Methods K1.987), P. 120-123. 2. Imbrie, J. and Kipp, N. G., A new micropaleontological method for quantitative paleoclimatology : Application to a late Pleistocene Carribean core. In the Late Cenozoic Glacial Ages, ed. K.K. Turrebian (1971), p. 71-181. 3. Shackleton, N. J. and Opdyke, N. D., Oxygen isotope and paleomagnetic strati-graphy of equatorial pacific core V 28-238: oxygen isotope temperatures and ice volume on a 105 and 106 year scale. Quaternary Res., 1973, 3, 39-55. 4. Duplessy, J. C., Arnold, M., Maurice, P., Bard, E., Duprat, J. and Moyes, J., Direct dating of the oxygen isotope record of the last deglaciation by 14C Accelerator mass spectrometry. Nature, 1986, 320, 350-352. 5. Bard, E., Arnold, M., Duprat, J., Moyes, J., and Duplessy, J. C., Reconstruction of the last deglaciation: deconvolved records of a18 0 profiles, micropaleon-tological variations and accelerator mass spectrometric 14C dating. Climate Dynamics, 1987,1, 101-112. 6. CLIMAP Project Members, Seasonal reconstructions of the Earth's surface at the last glacial maximum. Geol. Soc. Am. Map Series MC-36 (1981). 7. Duplessy, J. C., Bard, E., Arnold, M., and Maurice,P., A.M.S. 14 C- chronology of the deglacial warming of the North Atlantic Ocean. Nuclear Sciences and Methods, (1987), p. 223-227. 8. Stuiver, M., Quay, P. D., and Ostlund, H. G., Abyssal water carbon-14 distribution and the age of the world oceans. Science, 1983, 219 849-851. 9. Bard, E., Arnold, M., Maurice, P. and Duplessy, J.C., Measurements of bomb radiocarbon in the ocean by means of accelerator mass-spectrometry : Technical aspects. Nuclear Instrument and Methods (1987), 297-301.

DOI link for calculated (13,14). The three INDIGO stations selected in the narrow belt between 0°S and 20°S showed a steep 114C gradient at the time of the GEOSECS survey (1978). At the time of the INDIGO cruise (1986), the 1 14C value at the equatorial station 45 has roughly doubled during the last 8 years. Salinity and dissolved oxygen profiles demonstrate that the most likely explanation for the reduction of the equatorial deficit in the Indian Ocean is the advection of thermocline water called Banda Sea Water flowing from the east. This low-salinity water, which is rich in dissolved oxygen and in Tritium (15), is due to a throughflow from the North Pacific into the Indian Ocean, which results in its relatively high 14C content. We thus conclude that A.M.S. can be used successfully to trace the penetration of bomb produced 14 C into the ocean. This new technique should leach to the introduction at 14 C measurements into the WOCE program devoted to the understanding of the dynamics of the global ocean. REFERENCES 1. Arnold M., Bard, E., Maurice, P., and Duplessy, J. C., 14C dating with the Gif sur Yvette Tandetron accelerator : Status report. Nuclear Instrument and Methods K1.987), P. 120-123. 2. Imbrie, J. and Kipp, N. G., A new micropaleontological method for quantitative paleoclimatology : Application to a late Pleistocene Carribean core. In the Late Cenozoic Glacial Ages, ed. K.K. Turrebian (1971), p. 71-181. 3. Shackleton, N. J. and Opdyke, N. D., Oxygen isotope and paleomagnetic strati-graphy of equatorial pacific core V 28-238: oxygen isotope temperatures and ice volume on a 105 and 106 year scale. Quaternary Res., 1973, 3, 39-55. 4. Duplessy, J. C., Arnold, M., Maurice, P., Bard, E., Duprat, J. and Moyes, J., Direct dating of the oxygen isotope record of the last deglaciation by 14C Accelerator mass spectrometry. Nature, 1986, 320, 350-352. 5. Bard, E., Arnold, M., Duprat, J., Moyes, J., and Duplessy, J. C., Reconstruction of the last deglaciation: deconvolved records of a18 0 profiles, micropaleon-tological variations and accelerator mass spectrometric 14C dating. Climate Dynamics, 1987,1, 101-112. 6. CLIMAP Project Members, Seasonal reconstructions of the Earth's surface at the last glacial maximum. Geol. Soc. Am. Map Series MC-36 (1981). 7. Duplessy, J. C., Bard, E., Arnold, M., and Maurice,P., A.M.S. 14 C- chronology of the deglacial warming of the North Atlantic Ocean. Nuclear Sciences and Methods, (1987), p. 223-227. 8. Stuiver, M., Quay, P. D., and Ostlund, H. G., Abyssal water carbon-14 distribution and the age of the world oceans. Science, 1983, 219 849-851. 9. Bard, E., Arnold, M., Maurice, P. and Duplessy, J.C., Measurements of bomb radiocarbon in the ocean by means of accelerator mass-spectrometry : Technical aspects. Nuclear Instrument and Methods (1987), 297-301.

calculated (13,14). The three INDIGO stations selected in the narrow belt between 0°S and 20°S showed a steep 114C gradient at the time of the GEOSECS survey (1978). At the time of the INDIGO cruise (1986), the 1 14C value at the equatorial station 45 has roughly doubled during the last 8 years. Salinity and dissolved oxygen profiles demonstrate that the most likely explanation for the reduction of the equatorial deficit in the Indian Ocean is the advection of thermocline water called Banda Sea Water flowing from the east. This low-salinity water, which is rich in dissolved oxygen and in Tritium (15), is due to a throughflow from the North Pacific into the Indian Ocean, which results in its relatively high 14C content. We thus conclude that A.M.S. can be used successfully to trace the penetration of bomb produced 14 C into the ocean. This new technique should leach to the introduction at 14 C measurements into the WOCE program devoted to the understanding of the dynamics of the global ocean. REFERENCES 1. Arnold M., Bard, E., Maurice, P., and Duplessy, J. C., 14C dating with the Gif sur Yvette Tandetron accelerator : Status report. Nuclear Instrument and Methods K1.987), P. 120-123. 2. Imbrie, J. and Kipp, N. G., A new micropaleontological method for quantitative paleoclimatology : Application to a late Pleistocene Carribean core. In the Late Cenozoic Glacial Ages, ed. K.K. Turrebian (1971), p. 71-181. 3. Shackleton, N. J. and Opdyke, N. D., Oxygen isotope and paleomagnetic strati-graphy of equatorial pacific core V 28-238: oxygen isotope temperatures and ice volume on a 105 and 106 year scale. Quaternary Res., 1973, 3, 39-55. 4. Duplessy, J. C., Arnold, M., Maurice, P., Bard, E., Duprat, J. and Moyes, J., Direct dating of the oxygen isotope record of the last deglaciation by 14C Accelerator mass spectrometry. Nature, 1986, 320, 350-352. 5. Bard, E., Arnold, M., Duprat, J., Moyes, J., and Duplessy, J. C., Reconstruction of the last deglaciation: deconvolved records of a18 0 profiles, micropaleon-tological variations and accelerator mass spectrometric 14C dating. Climate Dynamics, 1987,1, 101-112. 6. CLIMAP Project Members, Seasonal reconstructions of the Earth's surface at the last glacial maximum. Geol. Soc. Am. Map Series MC-36 (1981). 7. Duplessy, J. C., Bard, E., Arnold, M., and Maurice,P., A.M.S. 14 C- chronology of the deglacial warming of the North Atlantic Ocean. Nuclear Sciences and Methods, (1987), p. 223-227. 8. Stuiver, M., Quay, P. D., and Ostlund, H. G., Abyssal water carbon-14 distribution and the age of the world oceans. Science, 1983, 219 849-851. 9. Bard, E., Arnold, M., Maurice, P. and Duplessy, J.C., Measurements of bomb radiocarbon in the ocean by means of accelerator mass-spectrometry : Technical aspects. Nuclear Instrument and Methods (1987), 297-301.

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