Index

Absorption, 4-7, 37-65, 138-139, 278-279

Accutane, see 13-cis-Retinoic acid Acitretin, 393, 621 Acne,368,385,394,397-400,618 Acute myeloid leukemia, 28, 485-495 Acute promyelocytic leukemia, 28, 222,

487,491-494 Acute renal failure, 128 Acyl-CoA:retinol acyltransferase,

16-18,60-64,380-381 Airol, see All-trans-retinoic acid Alcoholdehydrogenase,19, 145--148,

343-356 All-trans-retinoic acid, 135-179,

189-225,241,393,618, 630-641, see also Retinoic acid All-trans-retinoyl-~-glucuronides,

631-641 a-Carotene, 277 a1-Acid glycoprotein, 103 a1-Microglobulin, 102-103 Amphibians, 296-299 Androgen-binding protein, 535, 537

Androgen-dependentepididynnal protein, see Epididymal binding proteins

Anteroposterior axis, 289-315 Antioxidants, 25, 275--283 llP-1,144,219-220 ApoA1,208 Apolipoprotein D, 104 Arotinoid ethylester, 393 Arotinoid ethylsulfone, 393 Arotinoid free acid, 393 ARP-1,213,246-248 Astaxanthin, 276-277 Axolotl, 297,305,311

Basal cell carcinoma, 391-394 ~-Apo-carotenal, 56-57, 140,

278-279 ~-Apo-carotenoic acids, 279 ~-Carotene, 38-39, 46, 55-57, 60,

138-142, 275--283, 549-550, 564-580,667 ~-Lactoglobulin, 45, 102

Be Wo cells, 143 Bilin-binding protein, 103 Birth defects, 29, 145-148, 343-358,

615-655 Bitot's spots, 586 Breast cancer, 571-575 Bronchopulmonary dysplasia, 323-337

c-Fos,144,219-220 c-Jun, 144, 219-220 C-kinase, 376,538 ea2+,376,429-433,468 CaCo-2 cells, 44-45,60 Camouflage, 108

breast, 571-575 cervical, 440-441 colon, 575-577 epidermal, 386 lung, 560-571 prostate, 577-579

Canthaxanthin, 276-277 Carboxyl ester hydrolase, 40-41 Carotenoids, 275-283

absorption, 46 antioxidants, 25, 275-283 cleavage,55-57,138-140,278-279

Case-control studies, 562-563 Cell adhesion, 436 Cellular retinoic acid-binding protein,

15-20,142,149-179,301,308, 310-312,386-392,408,539, 541,646

Cellular retinol-binding protein, 15-20, 78-79,90,98,127,149-179, 301,310-311,386-392,539, 541,647 ~pel, 16-18,386-392 ~pe II, 5, 17,47-65, 139, 208

Central nervous system, 304,307-313, 344-345,623

Cervical epithelium, 437-447 Cervical tumors, 440 cGMP,507

Chicken ovalbumin upstream promotertranscription factor, 213, 244-246

Chick limb bud, 290-296 Child morbidi~, 585,603-606 Child mortali~, 585,594-601 Chondrocyte 21 protein, 104 Chromophore, 20-21, 503-526 Chronic renal failure, 128 Chylomicrons, 4-7, 12,60-64 Cleft palate, 289-290, 344, 623-624 Cohort studies, 563-564 Collagen, 74,83,368,374,400 Colon cancer, 575-577 Complement C8y, 103 Congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma,

384 Congenital malformations, 29, 145-148,

343-358,615-655 Conjunctival impression cytology, 586,

589 Conjunctival xerosis, 586 Connective tissue, 374 Connexin43, 283

CONS~, 122-124 Corneal ulceration, 586 Corticosteroid skin atrophy, 368 COUP-TF, see Chicken ovalbumin

upstream promoter-transcription factor

Crustacyanin, 103 Cryptaxanthin, 276-277 Cutaneous T-celllymphoma, 368, 394 Cystic acne, 368, 386, 394, 397-400,

618 Cytochrome P-450, 20, 157-174,258 Cytokeratins, 265, 366, 373 Cytokines, 377-378, 469-471

Darier's disease, 368, 384, 394 3-Dehydroretinol, see 3,4-Didehydro-

retinol

Dermis, 365-404 Descriptive studies, 561-562 Desmosomes, 373 3,4-Didehydroretinal, 294 3,4-Didehydroretinoic acid, 19, 174,

189,206,294,308,382 3,4-Didehydroretinol, 52, 294, 308,

379 1,25 Dihydroxy vitamin D3, 54,213,

244-246,248,454 Dioxins, 129 Dioxygenase, 56, 65, 278 Discoid lupus erythematosus, 368 Disulfiram, 157 Dorsoventral axis, 294

Ectocervix, 437 Eel, 81 Embryonic development, 25, 289-315 Embryonic malformation, 28-29,

145-148,343-358,615-655 Endocervix, 437 Engrailed, 305 Enterocytes, 4, 44-72 Epidemiology

case-control studies, 562-563 cohort,563-564 descriptive studies, 561-562 intervention, 564 nested case-control studies, 564

Epidermal growth factor, 376 Epidermal growth factor receptors,

378 Epidermal tumors, 386 Epidermis, 365-404 Epididymal binding protein, 13-14,

546 Epididymis, 545-546 Epithelial differentiation, 365-404,

425-441 Eruptive keratoacanthoma, 394 Erythropoiesis, 457-458 Estrogens,438-440 Etretinate, 393, 621

Face, 314 Fat-storing cells, see Stellate cells Female reproduction system, 546-551 Fetal alcohol syndrome, 145-148,

343-356 Fetal lung, 323-337 Floor plate, 310-313 Follicle stimulating hormone, 534 Follicular hyperkeratinization, 365

G-CSF, 454,456 y-Carotene, 277 Gas chromatography-mass

spectrometry, 137 Gill filaments, 82 Glucocorticoids, 440 Glucosaminoglycans, 368,374 GM-CSF,456 Gonadotropin-releasing hormone, 535 Gonadotropins, 550 Granuloma annulare, 394

Harelip, 289-290, 344, 623-624 Hematolymphopoiesis, 451-453 Hematopoiesis, 25,451-473 Hensen's node, 307 Hepatic parenchymal cells, see

Parenchymal liver cells Hepatocytes, see Parenchymal liver

cells Hidradenitis suppurativa, 394 High-performance liquid chroma-

tography, 137-138, 151-152, 169

HL60 cells, 222, 260-264, 454 Homeobox,302,306,310,346,650 Hydrocephaly, 344 4-Hydroxy-retinoic acid, 19-20, 169,

174,348 4-Hydroxy-retinol, 19-20 14-Hydroxy-4,14-retroretinol, 19, 189,

207,467 Hypervitaminosis A, 80, 289, 345, 627

Hypovitaminoisis A. 26,289,323-337, 365,426-441,460-463, 585-607,665

ICAM,375 Ichthyosis congenita, 394 Ichthyosis vulgaris, 368, 384 Immune system, 108,460-472 Impression cytology, 586, 589 Insecticyanin, 103 Interferons, 454,469-471 Interleukins, 454, 469-471 International units, 4, 667 Interphotoreceptor retinoid-binding

protein, 13-14 Intervention studies, 564 Isomerization, 503-526 Isotretinoin, see 13-cis-retinoic acid Ito cells, see Stellate cells

Keratinization, 365-404 Keratinocytes, 258, 366, 426, 429 Keratins, 371, 373, 426-441 Keratoacanthoma, 391 Keratoderma, 368, 394 Keratomalacia, 586 Keratosis follicularis, see Darier's disease Ketoconazole, 157 Krox-20, 305

Lamellar ichthyosis, 368, 384 Laminin-binding protein, 436 Lamprey, 81-84 Langerhans cells, 366, 375 Lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase, 62 Lecithin:retinol acyltransferase, 16-18,

60-65,381,503,517-524 Leydig cells, 538, 542 Uchen planus, 394 Ugand-inducible activation function, 218 Upid droplets, 79-80 Lipocalin genes, 109-111

Lipocalin superfamily, 11,87-117 Upocytes, see Stellate cells lipoprotein lipase, 7

Low-density lipoprotein, 14 Low-density lipoprotein receptor, 7, 489 Low-density lipoprotein receptor-related

protein, 7 Lung cancer, 566-571 Lung development, 323-337 Lung injury, 323-337 Lupus erythematosus, 394 Lutein, 276-277 Luteinizing hormone, 534 Lycopene,276-277 Lymphocytes, 452, 466-468

Major histocompatibility class I, 208 Marsupial-like protein, 102 MDCK cells, 143 Mean sojourn time, 125 Measles, 601-603 Melanocytes, 366 Mesangial cells, 82 4-Methylpyrazole, 157 Microcephaly, 344 Model-based compartmental analysis,

10,122-124 Morphogen,292-296,302-304,644 Motretinid, 393 Mouse urinary protein, 102 Multicompartmental model, 10, 122-124 Myelopoiesis, 455-457

N-( 4-hydroxyphenyl)retinamide, 128 NADPH-dependent monooxygenase, 154 Natural killer cells, 468 Nested case-control studies, 564 Neural crest, 310, 345 Neural plate, 313 Neural tube, 308, 344 Night blindness, 586 NK cells, see Natural killer cells Nodulocystic acne, 394

Odorant-binding protein, 103 Ornithine decarboxylase, 376 Osteocalcin gene, 208 Oxidative stress, 275 4-0xo-retinoic acid, 19-20, 169, 174,

348 4-0xo-retinol, 19-20 Oxycarotenoids, 276 Oxytocin, 208

Pancreatic lipase, 40--41 Papillomavirus, 440 Parenchymal liver cells, 7-8, 77-78 PEPCK, 208 Peroxisome proliferator-activated

receptors, 213, 247-249 Peroxyl radical scavenging,

281-283 Photoaged skin, 368, 394, 400 Phototherapy, 385 Phrynoderma, 365 Pillar cells, 82 Pityriasis rubra pilaris, 394 PML-RARa fusion protein, 222-224,

492-494 Polymorphonuclear leukocytes,

375 Pregnancy protein pp14, 102 Premature children, 26 Probasin, 104 Progestins, 440 Prooxidant, 276 Prostaglandin D2 synthetase, 104 Prostate cancer, 577-579 Protein BG, 103 Psoriasis, 368, 382, 385, 390,

394-395 Purpurin, 102 Pustular psoriasis, 368 Pustulosis palmoplantaris, 394 Pyrazine-binding protein, 103

Quinescence-specific protein, 104

RARs, see Retinoic acid receptors Recommended dietary allowances,

29-30,124,667

Recommended dietary intakes, 667 Reference nutrient intakes, 667 Regenerating amphibian limb, 296--299 Relative dose response, 588 Reproduction, 25,531-551 Requirements, 58, 665-669 Residence time, 125 Retinal, 151-162, 348 11-cis-Retinal, 20, 503-525 Retinal dehydrogenase, 158-162 Retinal pigment epithelium, 378, 503 Retinal reductase, 57-59, 65, 139,

350-352 Retinal synthesis, 151-157 Retinoic acid, 135, 179, 189-225,

239-250,257-270,343-356 catabolism, 167-172 homeostasis, 135-188 placental transfer, 632 plasma transport, 11-14 tissue concentrations, 137-138,

400-402 9-cis-Retinoic acid, 55, 138, 189, 205,

241-242,247-249,503, 524-525

13-cis-Retinoic acid, 19, 137, 175,206, 307,344,385,393,618, 630-641

Retinoic acid receptors, 22-23, 55, 189-225,239-251,301, 308-310,353,392-393,492, 540-541,649

dominant negative mutations, 221-224 expression, 199-204 genes, 190-196,295 homologous recombination, 224 isoforms, 192-196, 217-219 synthesis, 136--148, 158-163, 544

Retinoic acid response element, 22, 207-217,245,302,352

Retinoid X receptor response elements, 207-217,243-245

Retinoid X receptors, 22-23, 55, 189-225,239-251,301, 392-393,649

expression, 199-204,242-243 Retinoids, structure, 3, 38, 136, 241,

393,506,509,633 Retinol

absorption, 4-7, 37-45 esterification, 16-18, 60-64, 380-381,

503,517-524,543 homeostasis, 126-130 plasma transport, 11-14, 87-117 recycling, 121-126 turnover, 120-126

Retinol binding protein, 8-14, 45, 79, 87-117,121-130,324,335,378, 379,384,489

gene,90-91 receptor, 14-15, 94-99, 378 secretion, 89-90 synthesis, 89-90 three-dimensional structure, 91-93

Retinol dehydrogenase, 147, 151-158, 347,350-352,354

Retinol equivalent, 4, 667 Retinoylation, 23-24, 257-270 Retinoyl 13-glucuronides, 19-20,

137-138,631-641 13-cis-Retinoyl-13-glucuronides, 631-641 Retinoyl taurine, 20 Retinyl ester hydrolase, 8, 164-167,

513-517,544 Rhodopsin, 21,504-508 Rhombomere, 308-310 Roaccutane, see 13-cis-Retinoic acid Rosacea, 394 RXRs, see Retinoid X receptors

Schiff base, 504 Scleroderma, 394 Seminal vesicles, 545-546 SEN CAR mice, 437 Sertoli cells, 142, 532-538, 543-545 Singlet oxygen, 279

Skeletal anomalies, 627 Skin biology, 366-368 Skin diseases, 368-404 Skin inflammation, 375-376 Solar keratosis, 368, 394 Space of Disse, 7-8, 7 4-78 Spermatogenesis, 531-536 Spina bifida, 289

Squamous cell carcinoma, 368, 386, 391-392

Squamous metaplasia, 386, 426-436 Stellate cells, 7-11, 73-86 Steroidogenesis, 548-550 Stromal cells, 458-459 Subcutis, 366, 380 Sulfated glycoproteins, 537

Tail regeneration, 299-301 Taurocholate, 44 Teratogenicity, 29, 145-148, 343-358,

615-655 Acitretin, 621-622 Etretinate, 621-622 experimental, 622-629 Isotretinoin, 618-621 Tretinoin, 618-621 vitamin A. 617-618

Testosterone, 534 Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin, 129 Thyroid hormone receptor, 212,

244-249,373 Tigason, see Etretinat Tracheal epithelium, 433-436 Transcription activation function, 219 Transducin, 504 Transferrin, 537 Transforming growth factor-13, 377,

429-430,454 Transplacental pharmacokinetics,

629-641 Transthyretin, 11, 90,93-101, 125-127,

129 Tretinoin, see All-trans-retinoic acid Tumor necrosis factor, 454

U-937 cells, 143, 454 UV irradiation, 368, 382, 400

Vaginal epithelium, 437-438 Vas deferens, 545-546 VEG protein, 104 Very-low-birthweight neonates,

323-337 Very-low-density lipoproteins, 8, 14 Visual cycle, 504-524 Vitamin A deficiency, 26, 289,

323-337,426-441,460-463, 585-607,665

Vitamin A status, 585-589

Vitamin D response element, 245-248 Vitamin D receptor, 213, 244-248

Warts,368

Xenopus,304-307,313,650-651 Xeroderma pigmentosum, 394 Xerophthalmia, 586-587

Zeaxanthin, 276-277 Zebrafish, 305 Zone of polarizing activity, 292-294, 644