ABSTRACT
Herbicides bring about various physiological and biochemical effects on the growth and development of emerging seedlings as wel l as established plants, either after coming into contact w i t h the plant surface or after reaching the site(s) of action w i t h i n the plant tissue. The net result is the death of the plant. These physiological and biochemical effects are followed by various types of visual injury symptoms on suscep tible plants. These include chlorosis, defoliation, stunting, necrosis, stand reduction, epinasty, morphological aberrations, growth stimulation, cupping of leaves, marginal leaf burn, desiccation, delayed emergence, germination failure, etc. These injury symp toms may appear on any part of the plant, including roots, flowers, fruits, foliage, etc.
