Other treatment approaches

In previous chapters we explored interventions for substance misuse including the Adolescent Community Reinforcement Approach and Motivational Interviewing. These are interventions with collaborative and cognitive behavioural underpinnings. In this chapter, systemic approaches, 12-step models, self-help groups and therapeutic communities (TCs) are examined. We discuss the use of contingency management (CM) and medication, and while not stand-alone treatments, there is evidence they can be useful adjuncts to therapeutic programmes. Finally, the strengths and weaknesses of drug screening are presented.