ABSTRACT
Since RNAs are involved in complex biological processes as regulators, their diversities in both function and structure have been greatly appreciated (Schmeing et al. 2009; Wahl et al. 2009). RNA possesses not only the ability to store genetic information and participate in transcription and translation but also the capacity to adopt well-defined three-dimensional
CONTENTS
11.1 Introduction ........................................................................................................................ 213 11.2 Atom-Specific Modification with Chalcogen (S, Se, and Te) ........................................ 215
11.2.1 Modification with Sulfur (S) ................................................................................. 217 11.2.1.1 Base Modification .................................................................................... 217 11.2.1.2 Sugar Modification .................................................................................. 217 11.2.1.3 Phosphate Backbone Modification ....................................................... 218
11.2.2 Modification with Selenium (Se) ......................................................................... 219 11.2.2.1 Base Modification .................................................................................... 219 11.2.2.2 Sugar and Phosphate Backbone Modification .................................... 220
11.3 Atom-Specific Modification with Halogens (F, Cl, Br, and I) ...................................... 221 11.3.1 Modification with Fluorine (F) ............................................................................. 221 11.3.2 Modification with Chlorine (Cl), Bromine (Br), and Iodine (I) ........................222
