ABSTRACT
Diabetes mellitus represent a metabolic disorder, which originates from defects in insulin secretion and/or action. Type 1 diabetes results in autoimmune destruction of insulin-producing beta-cells. Type 2 diabetes is characterized by inadequate/impaired insulin production. Both conditions lead to elevated blood glucose (hyperglycemia). Diabetes is a chronic disease for which there is no cure. During its progression, diabetes can lead to devastating cardiovascular, retinal, kidney, and neural complications.
