ABSTRACT
If small and identical particles are regularly arranged like a crystal
as in Fig. 5.1c, whose lattice size lies on the order of the wavelength
of light, light scattered from each particle will interfere with each
other and will be reflected to a regular direction. Such a structure
is normally called photonic crystal and has attracted particular attention in the fields of science and technology. Although this type
of structure seems to be a simple extension of 2D diffraction grating
to 3D system, the importance of photonic crystal lies in the fact that
light scattered at each particle interferes in a complicated way to
produce unique features in an optical region.
