ABSTRACT
Nerve Anatomy Peripheral nerves are bundles (fascicles) o f axons surrounded by Schwann cell
sheaths. The internal architecture of peripheral nerves is very consistent and is dem onstrated in Figure 87.1. The individual axons are surrounded by an endoneurium. This layer is not visible with surgical loupes. The axons are grouped into fascicles that are surrounded by a perineurium. The groups of fascicles comprise the nerve, and are collectively encircled by the epineurium. Both the perineurium and the epineurium can be sutured during nerve repair. There is occasional branching be tween fascicles, but for the most part, the fascicles travel in discreet groups through out the length o f the nerves in the arm. This is the rationale for internal neurolysis, interfascicular grafting and fascicular repair.
