ABSTRACT
S. haematobium infection is prevalent in areas that have a reservoir of human infection, the presence of an intermediate Bulinus species snail host and the poor socioeconomic conditions or poor sanitation that allow urinary contamination of local freshwater. These factors are all essential components of the parasitic trematode life cycle, which requires transmission from a definitive human host (in which adult worms undergo sexual reproduction) to an intermediate snail host (in which asexual multiplication oflarvae occurs) and then the reverse process of snail-to-human transmission.
