Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy and the Laparoscopic Management of Common Bile Duct Stones

Fredrick Brody Introduction In less than a decade, laparoscopy has significantly effected general surgical pro­

cedures for a variety of pathologic indications. Approximately 85% of all cholecys­ tectomies are now completed laparoscopically. This translates into improved cosmesis, less postoperative pain, and faster recovery times. The price for these advantages is an increased rate of biliary duct injuries. This devastating injury is avoided by adher­ ing to a systematic approach to laparoscopic cholecystectomy regardless of patient or disease acuity.