ABSTRACT
Loosely speaking, number theory deals with the study of integers, also called whole numbers. It is an ancient branch of mathematics, that has enjoyed study for millenniums and attracted a variety of researchers ranging from professional to amateur. Recently, in particular, after the invention of public-key cryptology, number theory has found concrete engineering applications and
has turned out to be an interesting and important area of study for computer scientists and engineers and also for security experts. Several outstanding computational challenges pertaining to the theory of numbers continue to remain unsolved and are expected to boost fascinating research in near future.
