ABSTRACT
I. Introduction Despite the aggressive maintenance immunosuppression regimens that are currently used in lung transplantation, there remains a high rate of both acute and chronic rejection after lung transplantation. As a result, several strategies have been considered to augment maintenance immunosuppression in this patient population. These strategies include the use of high-dose steroids, addition of induction therapy, conversion of one drug to another (i.e., conversion to mTOR inhibitor), and the addition of other immunomodulating agents (azithromycin, aerosolized cyclosporine). The use of other salvage therapies including total lymphoid irradiation and extracorporeal photopheresis is also discussed.
