ABSTRACT
Most hospitalized patients are able to meet their nutritional needs through voluntary consumption of a regular diet. Determining which hospitalized patients may benet from nutrition support (NS) is challenging. This chapter will provide guidance in the assessment of nutritional status, macronutrient requirements, the use of total parenteral nutrition (TPN), and clinical cases. Where possible, these suggestions have been made using evidence-based medicine; however, for many issues in nutrition support, there are no prospective clinical trials to provide guidance and, thus, conclusions have to be drawn from a synthesis of the literature.
