ABSTRACT

Sol-gel technology is a wonderful advancement in science and requires a multidisciplinary approach for its various applications. It is the process of making ceramic and glassy materials atarelatively low temperature that allows the doping of various inorganic, organic, and biomolecules during the formation of aglassy matrix. The sol-gel process was known as early as the 1800s, but in the last two decades sol-gel applications have increased manifold. It has been used for the fabrication of optical bers, optical coatings, electro-optic materials, nanocrystalline semiconductor-doped

20.5.2.1 Sol-Gel Hybrid Materials for Dental Applications .................................... 494 20.5.2.2Sol-Gel-Derived Bioactive Glasses for Tissue Engineering ...................... 494 20.5.2.3Sol-Gel-Derived Surface Modication of Metallic Implants .................... 495 20.5.2.4 Biocidal Sol-Gel Coatings ......................................................................... 497

20.5.3 Environmental Applications ..................................................................................... 499 20.5.3.1 Sol-Gel-Based Sensors for Water Pollutants .............................................. 499 20.5.3.2Sol-Gel-Based Gas Sensor .........................................................................500 20.5.3.3MI Sol-Gel-Based Detection Systems for Environmental Endocrine

Disrupters ................................................................................................... 501 20.5.4 Defense Applications ................................................................................................502