ABSTRACT
As we have introduced so far, security mechanisms are aimed at a pair of
communication entities for providing mutual authentication and key establish-
ment, then for delivering protected communications, such as integrity checking
and confidentiality. However, if the communication scenarios are changed, the
solutions to the one-to-one (i.e., unicast) communication cannot be directly
adopted to one-to-many (1TM) which is referred to as multicast communica-
tion, in this case, one entity sends a common message to the group of entities
under some protocols. The other possible communication scenarios are many-
to-one (MT1) or many-to-many (MTM) communications.
