ABSTRACT
What are the characteristics of laminar fl ow? ➤ Fluid moves in a steady manner (no eddies or turbulence). ➤ Flow rate is greatest at the centre of the fl ow stream (2 × fl ow rate at side of tube). ➤ A pressure difference must exist for fl uid to fl ow. ➤ Flow is directly proportional to this pressure difference. ➤ Resistance of the tube is calculated by the ratio of pressure to fl ow.
