ABSTRACT

In considering the many factors which influence bone remodeling, it is inevitable that most discussions will concentrate on the influence of estrogen, and the recent developments in nonhormonal therapies such as bisphosphonates and strontium-containing products. However, the hormonal influence on bone is not limited to estrogens alone. Other steroids such as androgens and corticosteroids are important, as well as hormones such as growth hormone, thyroid hormones, parathyroid hormone, calcitonin and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D1. In addition, there is an increasing body of evidence that progesterone and progestogens can influence bone metabolism.