ABSTRACT
Wetlands are a key component of the landscape. Although wetlands are one of the most productive ecosystems on earth, their functions and values have only been recognized by society in the past three decades. This is clearly evident as interest in understanding wetland science and protection and conservation of these ecosystems has increased. The Clean Water Act of the United States requires that wetlands be protected from degradation because of their multiple functions including water quality improvement and wildlife habitat. The values and functions of wetlands are now well recognized, as evidenced by public awareness and implementation of national policy to protect and preserve these fragile ecosystems. Economic analysis of various ecosystems suggests that freshwater wetlands and estuaries are more valuable than other ecosystems of the biosphere ( Constanza et al., 1997). The estimated economic value is based on the services (elemental cycling, water storage and supply, ood regulation, and water treatment) provided by these ecosystems (Table 3.1).
