ABSTRACT

There are three currently conceived techniques for noninvasively imaging the pharmacokinetics of therapeutic cells (TCs) in humans (Table 21.1). Pharmacokinetics includes the locations, quantity at a speci‹c location, viability of the TCs, proliferation, and changes in the characteristics of the

CONTENTS

21.1 Introduction: Whole-Body Therapeutic Cell Pharmacokinetic Analysis through Noninvasive Molecular Imaging ............................. 369

21.2 Imaging the Survival of Therapeutic Cells: The First Reporter Gene-Based Therapeutic Cell Imaging Clinical Trial ........................... 373 21.2.1 Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Thymidine Kinase and

18F-FHBG ......................................................................................... 373 21.2.2 The Patients ..................................................................................... 374

21.2.2.1 Inclusion Criteria for Study Enrollment ...................... 377 12.2.2.2 Exclusion Criteria for Study Enrollment ..................... 378

21.2.3 Preparation and Administration of Genetically Engineered Autologous Cytolytic T Cells for Cellular Immunotherapy of Glioma ........................................................... 378

21.2.4 Discussion of Positron Emission Tomography Image Results ............................................................................................. 379

21.3 Future Directions ....................................................................................... 382 References .............................................................................................................385