ABSTRACT
The purpose of this chapter is to present an overview of major types of engineered wastewater treatment systems that are used by different industries in Canada, with examples of actual systems that have been operated in a diversity
of applications ranging from treating food processing and pulp and paper industry wastes to toxic landfill leachates. Regardless of the actual wastewater treatment application, these engineered systems typically combine different physical, chemical and biological unit operations which are selected and matched according to the ultimate treatment
processes are the biological reactors which employ aerobic and/or anaerobic bacteria to remove a wide variety of soluble substances that may be present in the wastewaters, such as organic matter (biological oxygen demand, BOD5) and nutrients (typically ammonia and phosphate).
