ABSTRACT
Introduction .................................................................................................................................. 1034 History and Background .............................................................................................................. 1034 U.S. Animal Laws and Regulations ............................................................................................. 1037
Animal Welfare Act ................................................................................................................ 1037 Of‹ce of Laboratory Animal Welfare .................................................................................... 1041 State and Local Regulations ................................................................................................... 1043
International Laws and Regulations ............................................................................................ 1043 European Union Laws and Regulations .................................................................................. 1043 International Regulations and Resources ................................................................................1044 Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee Requirements and Function ......................... 1044 Euthanasia ............................................................................................................................... 1048 Organizations Associated with Laboratory Animal Care and Use ........................................ 1049
Association for Assessment and Accreditation of Laboratory Animal Care International ...... 1049 American Association for Laboratory Animal Science ..................................................... 1050 American College of Laboratory Animal Medicine .......................................................... 1051 Other Associations and Alternative Organizations ............................................................ 1051
Agencies That Provide Regulations and Guidelines on Animal Testing ................................ 1052 Facilities: An Overview .......................................................................................................... 1053
Proper Care and Use of Animals ....................................................................................... 1053 Training Personnel ............................................................................................................. 1054 Occupational Health and Safety Program .......................................................................... 1055 Husbandry .......................................................................................................................... 1056 Enrichment ......................................................................................................................... 1057 Veterinary Care .................................................................................................................. 1057 Disaster Preparedness ........................................................................................................ 1059
Domestic and International Terrorism .................................................................................... 1059 References .................................................................................................................................... 1061
INTRODUCTION
An individual was once quoted as stating “It is harder to perform research in animals than it is in humans.” This is probably the same thought that many of ushave also had atleast atone time or another. What hewas referring to were the multiple and varied requirements, rules, and regulations that had to be put in place and closely followed when setting up an animal care and use program. And these efforts all had to be completed prior to actually procuring and then using animals in research projects. Many countries have aspeci‹c doctrine on the use of animals in research, some of which involve aplethora of rules and regulations that require agreat deal of administrative time and effort, while others have very basic requirements. The requirements for the use of animals in research range from guidelines to laws that must be followed and are enforced. If the laws are not followed, there are serious repercussions ranging from signi‹cant monetary ‹nes to incarceration. Guidelines on the other hand are typically voluntary but many are strongly suggested. Voluntary guidelines provide facilities with the standards and information necessary on how to attain what is considered to be the “gold standard of animal care and use.” This chapter will provide the reader with an overview of the laws, regulations, and guidelines for the care and use of animals in a research setting as well as resources that will provide more in-depth information to the reader.
