ABSTRACT
A system can be complicated but not necessarily complex. Complicated systems have a lot of parts that all work together in some way. It is the interrelatedness of the parts that makes the system complex. A system where the parts interconnect as A → B → C → D is less complex than a system with the same four parts that are connected by arrows or links that run backward from D to C, or D to A, or in other combinations, as shown in Figure 2.7.
