ABSTRACT
Strength and power are important characteristics in the performance of many sports. This is most apparent in lifting events (i.e., Olympic lifting, powerlifting) and throwing events (i.e., javelin, discus, shot put, and hammer). The ability to generate explosive muscle power is also critical to success in sprints (100 to 200 m) and jumping events, as well as intermittent passages of play in team sports like rugby and American football. Bodybuilders strive to develop and enlarge their musculature for competitive exhibition. Due to the potent nature of resistance exercise in promoting strength gains, hypertrophy, and, in certain circumstances, increases in muscle power, athletes competing in these events will typically include some form of resistance exercise into their overall training program. Sport-specific training varies markedly between the different types of athletes and is generally sequenced so as not to interfere with resistance training. While resistance training plays a supportive role in team sports and
Introduction ..............................................................................................................65 What Are the Functional Demands of Training and Competition? .........................66 What Do Strength-Power Athletes Eat? ...................................................................66 What Should Strength-Power Athletes Eat? ............................................................68 Timing and the Rationale for Protein Consumption around Resistance Training ... 70 Protein Quantity ....................................................................................................... 72 Protein Source .......................................................................................................... 72 Distribution of Daily Protein Intake ......................................................................... 75 Carbohydrate Needs .................................................................................................77 Carbohydrate after Resistance Exercise ................................................................... 78 Hydration ................................................................................................................. 78 Nutrition to Manipulate Body Composition ............................................................ 79 Reducing Body Fat ..................................................................................................80 Competition Nutrition .............................................................................................. 83 References ................................................................................................................ 83
track and field events, it is the major training focus in lifting events and bodybuilding. Given the vast heterogeneity in sport-specific training programs of strength-power athletes and their consequent metabolic implications, this chapter will focus on the major nutritional issues underpinning resistance training. The sports of Olympic lifting, powerlifting, and bodybuilding will also be addressed given the emphasis on resistance exercise in the overall training program for these athletes.
