ABSTRACT
As a direct result of the challenges experienced during the responses to 9/11, the federal government adopted the National Incident Management
20.4 Integration in nonpermissive environments .................................... 492 20.5 Budgeting for integration .................................................................... 494 20.6 Managing integration within and outside the United States ......... 495
20.6.1 Integration within the United States (domestic operations) ............................................................... 496 20.6.2 Integration outside the United States (international/
foreign operations) .................................................................... 496 20.7 Tools for integration ............................................................................. 497
20.7.1 Mutual aid agreements and memorandums of understanding ........................................................................... 497
20.7.2 Request for federal government aid ....................................... 498 20.7.2.1 State of emergency declarations .............................. 498 20.7.2.2 Presidential Disaster Declarations .......................... 499
20.8 Conclusion ............................................................................................. 500 References ........................................................................................................ 500
System (NIMS). Originally issued in March 2004 by the Department of Homeland Security (DHS), Homeland Security Presidential Directive (HSPD)-5, Management of Domestic Incidents, directed the development and administration of NIMS. NIMS forms the basis for interoperability and compatibility that will, in turn, enable a diverse set of public and private organizations to conduct well-integrated and effective emergency management and incident response operations. Emergency management is the coordination and integration of all activities necessary to build, sustain, and improve the capability to prepare for, protect against, respond to, recover from, or mitigate against threatened or actual natural disasters, acts of terrorism, or other man-made disasters. It does this through a core set of concepts, principles, procedures, organizational processes, terminology, and standard requirements applicable to a broad community of NIMS users.
