ABSTRACT
KAAP [Kellogg Advanced Ammonia Process] The rst high-pressure process developed for synthesizing ammonia from its elements that does not use an iron-containing catalyst. The reformer gas for this process is provided by the *KRES process. The catalyst was developed by BP; it contains ruthenium supported on carbon. Developed by M.W. Kellogg Company in 1990 and rst installed by the Ocelot Ammonia Company (now Pacic Ammonia) at Kitimat, British Columbia, in 1992. By 2005, over 200 large-scale plants had been contracted worldwide.
