Diffuse Axonal Injury

Clinical Features ...................................................................................................... 43 Initial Injury and Primary Axotomy ......................................................................... 43 Secondary Axotomy and Disrupted Neuronal Homeostasis ....................................46 Neuroinflammation .................................................................................................. 47 Evolution of DAI and Plasticity ...............................................................................48 Special Considerations: Blast Injury, Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy, and Abusive Head Trauma ....................................................................................... 49 Mechanistics ............................................................................................................ 51 Animal Models ......................................................................................................... 52 Gyrencephalic Models ............................................................................................. 52 Blast Injury ............................................................................................................... 52 Lissencephalic Models .............................................................................................54