ABSTRACT

Limbs and spine Model for an orthopaedic history 206 Hip joint: examination 207 Knee joint: examination 211 Shoulder joint: examination 215 Spine: examination 220 Hand: examination 223 Model for a vascular history 227 Peripheral vascular system (upper and lower limbs):

examination 228 Venous system: examination for varicose veins 232 Ulcer: examination 234

➜ Introduction Set the stage ■ Welcome the patient, and ensure comfort and privacy. ■ Know and use the patient’s name. ■ Introduce and identify yourself.