ABSTRACT
Antibiotic treatment of acute PID should be commenced early to reduce the complications, e.g. tubal infertility.
13a. F 13b. F 13c. F 13d. T The most common infective cause of bacterial endocarditis is Strep. viridans. Staphylococcal endocarditis is most commonly seen in normal native valve endocarditis and in intravenous drug users. Infection with Strep. bovis is associated with underlying gastrointestinal pathology/malignancy. Several separate blood cultures may be required to confirm the causative organism, particularly in Gram-negative infections on native valves with the slow-growing HACEK group of organisms (Haemophilus, Actinobacillus, Cardiobacterium, Eikenella and Kingella spp.). Culture-negative endocarditis is seen with Coxiella burnettii, Chlamydia psittaci, fastidious streptococci, mycobacteria and fungi (Aspergillus spp.).
