ABSTRACT
Power electronic technology makes renewable energy such as wind and solar integration possible. In the 1980s, wind turbines made of induction generators were directly connectedto the grid. These wind turbines operate when wind speed is greater than the nominal wind speed and have power rating around 100 kW. The state-of-the-art wind turbines are variable-speed constant-frequency types, meaning that they can operate at variable wind speed and generate constant-frequency electricity. Such technology reduces mechanical stress and improves the power rating. Today, wind turbines have power rating
CONTENTS
35.1 Introduction ........................................................................................................................ 983 35.2Renewable Energy Integration and Flexible Power Routing ....................................... 983
35.2.1Power-Electronic-Enabled Grid Integration .......................................................984 35.2.2 Power-Electronic-Enabled Flexible Power Routing ..........................................984
35.3 Load Controllability .......................................................................................................... 985 35.3.1 Direct Load Control ............................................................................................... 985 35.3.2Demand Response Program ................................................................................ 986
35.4PMU Technology ............................................................................................................... 988 35.5 Conclusion .......................................................................................................................... 989 References .....................................................................................................................................990
up to 5 MW. State-of-the-art wind turbines such as types 3and 4wind turbines are all connected to the grid through power electronic interfaces [1].
