ABSTRACT
Nanobiotechnology emanates as one of the prominent eld in today’s arena that has been evolved to study bioscience and technology at nanoscale. Conceptualization of nanotechnology started way back in the ninth century and is believed that in Mesopotamia, artisans utilized gold and silver nanoparticles to spawn glittering effects on the outer covering of pots (Prathna et al., 2010). During the Middle Ages, Paracelsus used vegetable extracts to reduce gold chloride solution to form “potable gold” and further utilized it to cure numerous mental disorders. Later on, in 1618, Francisco Antonii published his rst book that explained the formation and medicinal aspects of colloidal gold (Dykman and Khlebtsov, 2011). In 1857, a pioneer work demonstrated by Michael Faraday dealt with the reduction of gold ion using phosphorous marked as the beginning of scientic window in the area of colloidal chemistry (Faraday, 1857; Edwards and Thomas, 2007). This was followed by the introduction of colloidal silver in 1889, when M. C. Lea synthesized citratestabilized colloidal solution of silver. Commercialization of nanosilver begins in 1897 with the launch of “Collargol” that used to impart surgical benets. Further progress came in light with the patent of gelatin-stabilized nanosilver in 1953 by Moudry. The rst inspirational talk on nanotechnology entitled “There’s plenty of space at the bottom” was delivered by Richard Feynman in 1959 (Nowack et al., 2011). This was followed by a milestone research by Professor Peter Paul Speiser in late 1960s, which described the application of nanoparticles in drug delivery and vaccines for the rst time (Kreuter, 2007).
