ABSTRACT
The previous chapters except the last chapter described dierent aspects of batch rectication including development of a hierarchy of models ranging from simplied to rigorous, degrees-of-freedom analysis, and optimization. All along, the discussion was focused on batch rectication. The last chapter presented various complex congurations of batch columns. However, all along to bring out the basic concepts of batch distillation thermodynamically complex systems were eliminated from the discussions as far as possible. The following sections are devoted to distillation of thermodynamically complex systems like azeotropic, extractive, and reactive systems.
