ABSTRACT
Managing stormwater runoff through traditional “gray” infrastructure systems (e.g., collecting large quantities of runoff for rapid disposal via pipes and storage tunnels) has resulted in a variety of challenges, including high costs associated with infrastructure construction, maintenance, and repair; very high costs for mitigating combined sewer over…ows (CSOs); and continuously increasing pollution of surface waters across the country due to nonpoint source runoff from rural, suburban, and urban areas. These problems are exacerbated as population and development continue to increase and new challenges arise, such as increasing energy costs, expanding areas of environmental degradation due to urban sprawl, and aging water infrastructure. As these concerns converge, it is becoming clear to many cities, watershed management districts, and
CONTENTS
Introduction .................................................................................................... 101 Identi‚cation of Case Studies ....................................................................... 103
Components and Types of Economic Analysis ..................................... 105 Capital Cost Assessment ..................................................................... 105 Life-Cycle Assessment ......................................................................... 105 Cost-Effectiveness Analysis ................................................................ 106 Bene‚t Valuation................................................................................... 106 Bene‚t-Cost Analysis .......................................................................... 106 TBL Analysis.......................................................................................... 106
Summary of Case Studies ............................................................................. 107 Summary of Key Findings and Lessons Learned ..................................114
