ABSTRACT
In the foregoing sections, the functions, requirements, and degradation mechanisms of all the main components, including catalyst, membrane, membrane electrode assembly (MEA), bipolar plate (BPP), and gas di‘usion layer (GDL), have been extensively discussed. Compared with the MEA, BPP, and GDL, the importance of the seal, endplate, and bus plate has long been ignored, and so the literature on this topic is very limited. Accordingly, studies on the degradation of and mitigation methods for the seal, endplate, and bus plate are relatively insu™cient.
