ABSTRACT
Range of Ligands .............................................................................. 131 6.2.6 Sublibraries for Optimization of Peptides and Agn Fragments ....... 132
6.3 Diagnostics ................................................................................................... 133 6.3.1 Whole-Agn Libraries for Agn Identication .................................... 134 6.3.2 RPLs for Identifying Diagnostic Peptides for Known Pathogens .... 134 6.3.3 AFLs and RPLs for Auto-Agn Identication and Idiopathic
Disease Diagnosis ............................................................................. 135 6.4 Phage Libraries for Epitope Mapping ........................................................... 138
6.4.1 AFLs for Epitope Mapping ............................................................... 140 6.4.2 RPLs for Epitope Mapping ............................................................... 141
6.5 Phage Display Libraries for Vaccine Development ...................................... 146 6.5.1 Phage Libraries for Vaccine Design ................................................. 147 6.5.2 AFLs and Epitope-Targeted Vaccines .............................................. 149 6.5.3 RPLs and Ab-Targeted Vaccines ...................................................... 150 6.5.4 Peptide Ligands for Anti-CHO Abs and Their Use in Anti-CHO
Vaccines ............................................................................................ 153
6.1 INTRODUCTION
Phage library technology is a powerful tool for targeting antibodies (Abs) of known or unknown specicity. In this chapter, we examine techniques for applying this technology to Ab-dependent applications, specically epitope mapping and the development of diagnostics and vaccines. Abs produced during bacterial and viral infections, allergic responses, or chronic illnesses, such as autoimmune disease and cancer, can provide information about the immune response and sometimes disease etiology. A proportion of serum Abs may be biologically active. For example, some may neutralize a virus or block bacterial infection, whereas others may trigger cell lysis by complement or mediate Ab-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC). Phage display libraries can be screened with Abs to map epitopes on protein antigens (Agns) and to study ligand interactions. Moreover, ligands for biologically active Abs can serve as candidate leads for therapeutic and vaccine development.
