ABSTRACT
Since Japan launched its rst bullet train from Tokyo to Osaka (Tokaido Sinkansen) in October 1964, although its maximum operation speed was only 210 km/h (130.3 mph) at the time, it has moved the railway transportation into a high-speed era. Many countries started to develop high-speed rail technology and high-speed rail networks. Although many countries have built high-speed rail, there are three major high-speed rail train systems available in the world-the Japanese SKS, French TGV, and German ICE systems. China has recently developed its own high-speed rail train running on its newly developed high-speed rail network.
