ABSTRACT

Over 80 km of large diameter tunnels have been constructed in Los Angeles, California (USA) over the past 20 years for transportation and water projects. Project duration, including construction, planning, and design can be well over about 15 years for these tunnel projects in urban areas. In this paper the Metropolitan TransportationAuthority’s (Metro) Gold Line Eastside Extension (MGLEE), and the City of Los Angeles’ East Central Interceptor Sewer (ECIS) are described.