ABSTRACT
For the recgnition the important role of tunnel emergency facilities in tunnel disaster prevention; the purpose of installation and operation method must be chosen and planned. In this paper the design of emergency facilities of two tubes two lanes tunnel for expressway and motorway is studied. In other tunnels having three or more lanes, it is possible to apply this design after making necessary modifications. Sufficient disaster prevention measures, are necessary against fire or other accidents since tunnel is a closed space. Statistically, fire accidents in tunnel are rare but if it happens, fire accidents cause big disasters. Fire spreads easily from one car to another and smoke fills inside of the tunnel. There are many examples of these kinds of accidents which happened in Mont-Blanc, Tauern, Gothard and Nihonsaka Tunnels and so on. A disaster in a tunnel, can never be managed only by the highway authorities. Help and the cooperation of road users and relevant organizations such as the Fire Brigade, the Police and Ambulance are indispensable.
2 CLASSIFICATION OF TUNNELS
