ABSTRACT
In 1979 Cundall and Strack developed a 2-D computer model, based on the basic elements of the granular materials, i.e. the grains themselves and their interactions, to describe the behavior of these materials.There are two types of forces on the grain, the normal force Fn depending on the normal compression or overlap n between two grains and the shear force Fs, depending on the shear displacement s between these two grains:
The computer model of Cundall and Strack is based on the equation of motion ( F = m a or a = F/m). By integrating the acceleration a over time, the velocity v is obtained. By integrating this velocity over a time increment, the incremental displacement δ u is found.
