ABSTRACT
The coupling of the distinct element method (DEM) and fluid dynamics seems to be very valuable method to investigate the behavior of solid-liquid boundary phase such as liquefaction. However, the DEM coupling with fluid in geotechnical field were considering only the generation of excess pore pressure, and the interaction between particles and fluid was not treated appropriately. This lack of modeling seems to cause the problem that we cannot express the behavior of reduction or recover of stiffness in liquefaction phenomenon.
