ABSTRACT
Nepal and Bhutan are the uppermost riparians in the GBM basin. Nepal straddles the Himalayas, with water flowing down the four major tributaries, Kosi, Gandak, Ghagra, and Mahakali, which form the boundary to meet the Ganges closely downstream. Indian state regions of Uttaranchal on the west and Sikkim on the east in the Himalayas flank it. Bhutan is comparatively very small, and the tributaries discharge into Brahmaputra, flowing through the states of West Bengal and Assam in India. Again, it is flanked by the Indian states of Sikkim and Arunachal Pradesh on the west and the east, respectively. The environmental and the environmental perspectives in Himalayas are almost the same irrespective of different political sovereignty.
