ABSTRACT
A family of transcriptional factors known as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) plays a crucial role in lipid and lipoprotein metabolism, and glucose homeostasis. There are three PPAR subtypes, which are encoded by different genes and are commonly designated PPARα (NR1C1), PPARγ (NR1C3), and PPARδ (NR1C2, NUC1, PPARβ, or FAAR).[1] PPARs possess a domain structure that is common to other members of the nuclear receptor gene family: N-terminus, DNA-binding domain, and ligand-binding domain. PPARs form heterodimers with another nuclear receptor, 9-cis-retinoic receptor (RXR or NR2B).[1] PPAR/RXR heterodimers bind to DNA sequences containing direct repeats of the hexanucleotide sequence AGGTCA separated by one nucleotide, known as the peroxisome proliferator response element (PPRE).
